The IEEE
802 Standard comprises a family of networking standards that cover the physical
layer specifications of technologies from Ethernet to wireless.
IEEE 802 is subdivided into 22 parts that cover the physical
and data-link layers of networking.
All
the 802.11 specifications use the Ethernet protocol and Carrier
Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) for path
sharing. The original modulation used in 802.11 was phase-shift keying (PSK).
However, other schemes, such as complementary code keying (CCK),
are used in some of the newer specifications. The newer modulation methods
provide higher data speed and reduced vulnerability to interference.
802
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Overview
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Basics of physical and logical networking concepts.
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802.1
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Bridging
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LAN/MAN bridging and management. Covers management and the lower
sub-layers of OSI Layer 2, including MAC-based
bridging (Media Access Control), virtual LANs and port-based
access control.
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802.2
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Logical Link
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Commonly referred to as the LLC or
Logical Link Control specification. The LLC is the top sub-layer in the
data-link layer, OSI Layer 2. Interfaces with the network Layer 3.
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"Grandaddy" of the 802 specifications. Provides
asynchronous networking using "carrier sense, multiple access with
collision detect" (CSMA/CD) over coax, twisted-pair copper, and fiber
media. Current speeds range from 10 Mbps to 10 Gbps.
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802.4
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Token Bus
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Disbanded
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802.5
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The original token-passing standard for twisted-pair, shielded
copper cables. Supports copper and fiber cabling from 4 Mbps to
100 Mbps. Often called "IBM Token-Ring."
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802.6
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Distributed queue dual bus (DQDB)
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"Superseded **Revision of 802.1D-1990 edition (ISO/IEC
10038). 802.1D incorporates P802.1p and P802.12e. It also incorporates and
supersedes published standards 802.1j and 802.6k. Superseded by
802.1D-2004."
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802.7
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Broadband LAN Practices
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Withdrawn Standard. Withdrawn Date: Feb 07, 2003. No longer
endorsed by the IEEE.
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802.8
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Fiber Optic Practices
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Withdrawn PAR. Standards project no longer endorsed by the IEEE.
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802.9
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Integrated Services LAN
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Withdrawn PAR. Standards project no longer endorsed by the
IEEE.
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802.10
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Interoperable LAN security
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Superseded **Contains: IEEE Std 802.10b-1992.
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Wireless LAN Media Access Control and Physical Layer
specification. 802.11a,b,g,etc. are amendments to the original 802.11
standard. Products that implement 802.11 standards must pass tests and are
referred to as "Wi-Fi certified."
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·
Specifies a PHY that
operates in the 5 GHz U-NII
band in the US - initially 5.15-5.35 AND 5.725-5.85 - since expanded to
additional frequencies
·
Uses Orthogonal
Frequency-Division Multiplexing
·
Enhanced data speed to 54
Mbps
·
Ratified after 802.11b
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·
Enhancement to 802.11
that added higher data rate modes to the DSSS (Direct
Sequence Spread Spectrum) already defined in the original 802.11 standard
·
Boosted data speed to 11
Mbps
·
22 MHz Bandwidth yields 3
non-overlaping channels in the frequency range of 2.400 GHz to 2.4835 GHz
·
Beacons at 1 Mbps, falls
back to 5.5, 2, or 1 Mbps from 11 Mbps max.
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·
Enhancement to 802.11a
and 802.11b that allows for global roaming
·
Particulars can be set at
Media Access Control (MAC) layer
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·
Enhancement to 802.11
that includes quality of service (QoS)
features
·
Facilitates
prioritization of data, voice, and video transmissions
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·
Extends the maximum data
rate of WLAN devices that operate in the 2.4 GHz band, in a fashion that
permits interoperation with 802.11b devices
·
Uses OFDM Modulation
(Orthogonal FDM)
·
Operates at up to 54
megabits per second (Mbps), with fall-back speeds that include the
"b" speeds
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·
Enhancement to 802.11a
that resolves interference issues
·
Dynamic frequency
selection (DFS)
·
Transmit power control
(TPC)
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·
Enhancement to 802.11
that offers additional security for WLAN applications
·
Defines more robust
encryption, authentication, and key exchange, as well as options for key
caching and pre-authentication
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·
Japanese regulatory
extensions to 802.11a specification
·
Frequency range 4.9 GHz
to 5.0 GHz
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·
Radio resource
measurements for networksusing
802.11 family specifications
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·
Maintenance of 802.11
family specifications
·
Corrections and
amendments to existing documentation
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·
Higher-speed standards --
under development
·
Several competing and
non-compatible technologies; often called "pre-n"
·
Top speeds claimed of
108, 240, and 350+ MHz
·
Competing proposals come
from the groups, EWC, TGn Sync, and WWiSE and are all variations based on MIMO (multiple
input, multiple output)
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802.11x
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·
Mis-used
"generic" term for 802.11 family specifications
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802.12
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Demand Priority
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Increases Ethernet data rate to
100 Mbps by controlling media utilization.
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802.13
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Not used
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Not used
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802.14
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Cable modems
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Withdrawn PAR. Standards
project no longer endorsed by the IEEE.
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Wireless Personal Area
Networks
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Communications
specification that was approved in early 2002 by the IEEE for wireless
personal area networks (WPANs).
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802.15.1
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Short range (10m)
wireless technology for cordless mouse,
keyboard, and hands-free headset at 2.4 GHz.
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802.15.3a
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UWB
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Short range,
high-bandwidth "ultra wideband"
link
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802.15.4
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Short range wireless sensor networks
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802.15.5
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·
Extension of network
coverage without increasing the transmit power or the receiver sensitivity
·
Enhanced reliability via
route redundancy
·
Easier network configuration -
Better device battery life
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Wireless Metropolitan
Area Networks
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This family of standards
covers Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Access methods used to create
Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMANs.) Connects Base Stations to the
Internet using OFDM in unlicensed (900 MHz, 2.4, 5.8 GHz) or licensed (700
MHz, 2.5 – 3.6 GHz) frequency bands. Products that implement 802.16 standards
can undergoWiMAX certification
testing.
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802.17
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802.18
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Radio Regulatory TAG
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802.19
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Coexistence
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802.20
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Mobile Broadband Wireless
Access
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802.21
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Media Independent Handoff
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802.22
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Wireless Regional Area
Network
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